Saturday, April 13, 2013

Adventure, What is it ?

Hi all, please enjoy my contribution to the Adventure genre by scrolling down to see posts or clicking at individual posts on the left.  This guide has been created as part of the LIBR5013 course at UNISA. Thanks.

Adventure story settings can vary greatly ...... from jungles to cities, from historical to futuristic time periods.  Heroes and villains can be male or female, young or old, human or alien.  No matter what the setting or time period, there is always an element of danger, the sense of anticipation as the suspense mounts. 

Although there are emerging contemporary adventure stories that revolve around female heroines, the traditional adventure stories were largely written by men for men. They are what my male friends call “male adventure romance stories”.  They focus on strong, intelligent, selfless protagonists overcoming seemingly insurmountable challenges and dangers, in hostile environments, to complete important (often life saving) missions or quests.

Green (1991) states that traditional adventure books are ….. aimed at men, and celebrate manliness.  I'm not sure about this though as I am one woman who certainly enjoys a great adventure tale, whether it be traditional or more contemporary.  He also states that, as most adventure tales are fictional, they have in the past been “smuggled into high culture, into serious people’s readings”.  Cohen (2010) agrees that although adventure fiction is very popular it is "denigrated by critics" (p. 661).

 Saricks (2009), lists the qualities of an adventure story

·  Stories that focus on action, and a mission,
·  Detailed settings, often in exotic locales,
·  Stories that have a myriad of obstacles and dangers,
·  Heroes who save the day through ingenuity and skill,
·  Fast paced tales moving from one dangerous escapade to the next.

Saricks (2005), expands on the characteristic of pace, stating that fast moving action, often at seemingly breakneck speeds compels the reader forward. It has them on the edge of their seats, biting their nails in anticipation and rooting for the protagonist to prevail. 


From the mouths of babes (well still my baby)…… I asked my 15 year old son what would make a good adventure story, his reply was:

             A good adventure story would be …“A treasure hunter being shot down from his plane, while on a mission, over the middle of the Amazon jungle.  He is then chased by government spies who don’t want him to complete his mission and find the treasure….oh and a tribe of cannibals are also chasing him……and maybe some vicious animals as well……”




Friday, April 12, 2013

Common adventure subgenres and recommendations

The adventure genre is very diverse and has many subgenres.

Classics

The classic adventure novel falls into two categories, male romance and spy/espionage.  Many of today’s classics were written at the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th Century, a golden age for explorers, treasure hunters and adventurers in the real world as well. 

Recommendations

·  Count of Monte Cristo (1844) – Alexandre Dumas
·  Around the World in 80 days (1873)– Jules Verne
·  The Secret Agent (1907) – Joseph Conrad




Spy/Espionage

Adventure novels from this subgenre typically involve spies or secret agents from a government department but occasionally from an independent organisation.  According to Herald & Wiegand (2006) the spy or secret agent has never been portrayed as a completely respectable character, they are usually somewhat shady, but this of course is part of the appeal. 


Recommendations

·  The Spy Who Came In From the Cold (1963) John le Carre
·  The Bourne Identity (1980) Robert Ludlum
·  Casino Royale (1953) – Ian Fleming
·  Above Suspicion (1941) Helen MacInnes




Political intrigue/terrorism

Closely aligned with spy/espionage novels this subgenre deals with government entities or politically/religiously motivated groups attempting to do something bad or illegal which could harm the public at large. 


Recommendations

·  Shall We Tell the President (1977) Jeffrey Archer
·  Night of the Apocalypse (1995) Daniel Easterman
·  The Rhythm Section (1999) Mark Burnell



Thrillers

The thriller novel can cover a range of plots and blend with most of the other adventure genres, but they are always fast paced and filled with suspense and tension. There are often intricate and surprising twists and turns throughout the plots.  Herald & Wiegand (2006), state that this is currently the most popular adventure subgenre. 


Recommendations

·   The Third Twin (1996) Ken Follet
·   The Testament (2010) – Eric Van Lustbader
·   The Billion Dollar Sure Thing (1973) Paul Erdman
·   Contest (2005) – Matthew Reilly



Survival

The survival subgenre can focus on a “lone survivor” or a group of survivors.  The slower pacing of these novels is in essence “creating a gruelling or agonizing aspect to the stories” (Herald & Wiegand 2006, p.239).  While they are slower paced there is still an urgency surrounding the need for rescue or escape. 


Recommendations

·  Vertical Run (1995) Joseph Garber
·  Prey (2002) Michael Crichton
·  Survivor (1998) Robert Gray



Disaster

 In this subgenre adventure novels typically deal with events leading up to, during and after some type of disaster, it could be natural (hurricane, earthquake, tsunami) or manmade (nuclear attack, biological attack), intentional or unintentional (Gannon  2004). 


Recommendations

·  Atlantis Found (1999) – Clive Cussler
·  Cascadia (2005) John J Nance
·  The Poseidon Adventure (1969) Paul Gallico



Male Romance

The emphasis on this subgenre is on the action or the mission.  As Gannon (2004) points out the main protagonist is usually a rugged single male who embodies the end justifying the means.  This subgenre is often set in wild or primitive locations; man choosing to go up against the elements and the odds. 


Recommendations

·  The African Queen (1935) – C.S. Forester
·  Treasure (1988) – Clive Cussler
·  The Sunbird (1973) – Wilbur Smith



Military & Naval         

Military and naval adventure stories can be set on the land, in the air or on the sea, they blend well with the thriller and spy/espionage subgenres.  They can centre on a particular military campaign (historical or contemporary) or more recently on military technology.   


Recommendations

·  Storm Warning (976) – Jack Higgins
·  Final Flight (1989) – Stephen Coonts
·  The Hunt for Red October (1984) Tom Clancy



Thursday, April 11, 2013

Typical themes/plots in the adventure genre


The pure adventure story line…….. A hero (or heroine) taking risks, overcoming danger [and hurdles] to complete a task or a journey (Herald & Wiegand 2006), can take form in a multitude of plots.  No matter the plot it is always the mission that drives the action (Saricks 2009). 

Some common plots/themes by subgenre include the following:

Classic
The protagonist goes on an adventure in search of some treasure, the main focus being on the action in the story. 

·  Common protagonists: Pirates, Treasure hunters, Explorers, Spies, Knights
·  Common settings: Jungles, Deserts, At Sea, Wild Frontiers, Castles
·  Common Themes: Treasure Hunts, Expeditions, Medieval, Warring parties



Spy/espionage
The protagonist is given a mission by an authority and he must go up against obstacles in order to complete his mission and save the day.

·  Common protagonists: Secret agents, Operatives, Law enforcement
·  Common settings: Globe trotting, Cities, War Stricken areas
·  Common Themes: War, Assassination attempts, Undercover operations, Rogue agents

Political intrigue/terrorism
The protagonist is trying to uncover and stop some illegal activity to save a large number of people.

·  Common protagonists: Conspiracy theorists, Law enforcement, Government employees
·  Common settings: Cities, Corporations, Government facilities, War Stricken areas, Military Bases
·  Common Themes: Weapons of Mass Destruction, Undercover (sometimes unsanctioned) operations, Hijackings, Good vs Evil



Survival
The protagonist is in danger and must struggle to survive.  According to Herald & Wiegand the protagonist is usually of the “reluctant variety, thrown into harms way” (2006, p 239).

·  Common protagonists: Lone survivors, Adventurers, Explorers, Students, Extreme sportsmen
·  Common settings: Jungles, Deserts, Space, Underground, Isolated or Exotic locations
·  Common Themes: Trapped, Abandoned, Kidnapped, Lost, Privation




Disaster
The story centers around a disaster of some sort (man-made or natural).  The protagonist must work to stop the disaster or mitigate its effects.

·  Common protagonists: Rescue workers, Law enforcement, Scientists
·  Common settings: Global, Cities, Research Stations
         ·  Common Themes: Earthquakes, Meteors, Flood, Fire, Biological and Nuclear threats



Thrillers
The plots and themes in this subgenre are wide and varied.  The protagonist is usually someone with expertise that saves the day with their knowledge and ingenuity.  The plot in a techno thriller will center on a technology, usually military grade weaponry.  A cipher-thriller will center on solving a puzzle or mystery.  A financial thriller will involve corruption and intricate twists and turns, while a biological thriller will center on the threat of widespread danger. 

·  Common protagonists: Politicians, Scientists & Researchers, Code Breakers, Bankers, Medical Professionals.
·  Common settings: Cities (Ancient and modern), Globe trotting, War Stricken areas
·  Common Themes: Code breaking or ciphers, Financial intrigue, Biological, Technological



Military/Naval
The protagonist (hero status), with a military or technological background, is thrust into defending their country and its assets against evil forces.

·  Common protagonists: Military men, Specialists, Mercenaries, Law enforcement
·  Common settings: War Stricken areas, Sea, Space, Government facilities, Military Bases
         ·  Common Themes: Military conflicts/campaigns, Military technology, Arms races, Science Fiction elements,                    Historical elements



Male Romance
The protagonist is a powerful, self reliant and skilled man who triumphs over evil, in harsh conditions to complete a mission.

·  Common protagonists: Soldiers of fortune, Adventurers, Explorers, Hunters, Survivalists
·  Common settings: Wild Frontiers, Jungles, War Stricken areas
·  Common Themes: Good vs Evil, Man vs Nature, Man defending his territory, Elements of combat, disasters






Tuesday, April 9, 2013

Why are adventure stories appealing?


Those of us who love a great adventure story wish that we could all read just that bit quicker, that work could wait, that dinner didn't need to be cooked, homework didn't need to be checked….that the world would just stop, or at least slow down…….just long enough for our hero/heroine to escape from almost certain death. We read with baited breath, only exhaling once the danger has passed….
           
The reader feels like they are transported into the middle of the action, they identify with the protagonist and on some level are both on the same mission, outwitting and outmaneuvering those who are trying to make them fail.

The adventure novel appeals to a sense of wanderlust, allowing the reader to experience adventure from the comfort (and safety) of their living room. They join the protagonist in their travels, surviving against the odds in some of the worlds most dangerous, exotic and fascinating locations.

Although a fast pace is essential in keeping the reader engaged and entertained, every adventure novel must have a sense of being believable as stated by Newton (1989).  The protagonist while ultimately triumphing, still gets hurt, needs to eat and rest and struggles with decision making at times.  It is this element of normalcy that makes us connect with the character and will them to survive the seemingly impossible odds. 

Newton (1989) also states the element of suspense is necessary in drawing the reader into the action.  The build up of suspense with the use of foreshadowing leads the reader down a path that becomes increasingly tense, keeping them on the edge of their seats……..eager to know the outcome.  



Monday, April 8, 2013

My personal favourites:


Sahara, Clive Cussler 1992



Subterranean, James Rollins 1999



Angels and Demons, Dan Brown 2000




Sunday, April 7, 2013

Reader’s Advisory references


Good reads


Strengths:
·  Membership is free
·  Large database
·  Get reviews and recommendations
·  Post your own reviews
·  Join discussion groups
·  Create a personal bookshelf , add and sort books

Weaknesses:
·  Reviews are not from professional critics


Books Should be Free


Strengths:
·  Free public domain database
·  Book recommendations and reviews
·  Download audio books or e-books
·  Can search by genre

Weaknesses:
·  Reviews are not from professional critics 
·  Does not sort adult from children’s fiction

NoveList


Strengths:
·  Can search by genre
·  Book recommendations and critical reviews
·  Links to book discussion groups

Weaknesses:
·  Subscriptions costs, no guest access


Love Reading



Strengths:
·  Restricted guest access
·  Can search by genre
·  Book recommendations and reviews
·  RSS feeds and email alerts
·  Order books online
·  Extracts from books prior to publication dates

Weaknesses:
·  Subscriptions costs
·  Reviews are not from professional critics


Amazon



Strengths:
·  Order books online, lists bestsellers
·  Can search by genre
·  Book recommendations and reviews
·  Read alike recommendations

Weaknesses:
·  Reviews are not from professional critics


World Cat



Strengths:
·  Restricted guest access
·  Book recommendations and critical reviews
·  Read alike recommendations
·  Reading tracking

Weaknesses:
·  Reviews are not from professional critics


Book BrowseRev



Strengths:
·  Restricted guest access
·  Book recommendations and critical reviews
·  Read alike recommendations
·  Reading tracking

Weaknesses:
·  Subscription costs



Genreflecting

Herald, D & Wiegand, W (ed.) 2006 Genreflecting: A guide to popular reading interests, 6th edn, Libraries Unlimited, Westport, CT.

·  List of books by subgenre, regularly updated in 6th edn.


Blood, bedlam, bullets, and badguys

Gannon, M 2004, Blood, bedlam, bullets, and badguys: a reader’s guide to adventure/suspense fiction, Libraries Unlimited, Westport, CT, USA

·  List of books by subgenre, last updated 2004

Saturday, April 6, 2013

References:


Cohen, M 2010, 'Literary studies on the terraqueous globe', Publications of the Modern Language Association of America, vol. 125, no. 3, pp. 657-662.

Gannon, M 2004, Blood, bedlam, bullets, and badguys: a reader’s guide to adventure/suspense fiction, Libraries Unlimited, Westport, CT, USA

Green, M 1991, Seven types of adventure tale, The Pennsylvania State University, PA, USA.

Herald, D & Wiegand, W (ed.) 2006 Genreflecting: A guide to popular reading interests, 6th edn, Libraries Unlimited, Westport, CT, USA.

Newton, M 1989, How to write action adventure novels, Writers Digest Books, OH, USA.

Saricks, J 2005, Readers’ advisory service in the public library, 3rd edn, American Library Association, Chicago, USA.

Saricks, J 2009, ‘Adventure is back’, Booklist online, 01 March, viewed 31 March 2013,

Saricks, J 2009, The readers Advisory guide to genre fiction, 2nd edn, American Library Association, Chicago, USA.

Book covers from Amazon.com
All other pictures taken by contributor